Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Science: Science is a systematic process of acquiring knowledge about the natural world through observation, experimentation, and hypothesis testing. It is based on the assumption that the universe is governed by natural laws that can be discovered through scientific inquiry. See also Method, Review, Knowledge, Verification, Confirmation._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Stephen E. Toulmin on Science - Dictionary of Arguments
Bubner I 131 Science Theory/Bubner: another line of the rehabilitation of ancient science theory: re-evaluation of the rhetorical logic of argumentation. Originally from legal subsumption logic, which was more suspected of being irrational. Toulmin 1958(1) (Habermas ties up with him): Science is a part of human action and not a separate logic. Overcoming a false elevation of logic into the rank of a science. The thesis of technique of argumentation is the use of reasons for assertions, critical examination of evidence and the application of conclusions. "Working logic" instead of "idealized logic". Evidence is always pragmatic and intersubjective in the discussion. >Pragmatism, >Intersubjectivity. Reason Criticism/Kant: Kant compares it to a Court of Justice. The question "quid facti" is preceded by the legitimation question "quid juris". Deduction: deduction is in Kant proof of legal claims. Universal pragmatics/Habermas/Apel: Bubner: here there is even more decisive argumentation logic. >Logic, >Deduction. 1. Stephen E. Toulmin (1958). The Uses of Argument. Philosophy 34 (130):244-245 (1958)_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Toulmin I St. Toulmin The Uses of Argument Cambridge 2003 Bu I R. Bubner Antike Themen und ihre moderne Verwandlung Frankfurt 1992 |
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Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-27